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1.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Clín. Méd ; 19(2): 110-115, abr.-jun. 2021.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1379280

ABSTRACT

A síndrome DRESS é uma entidade rara e distinta, caracterizada por acometimento cutâneo e envolvimento de órgãos internos, com risco potencial de morte. O diagnóstico e o tratamento pre- coces são de vital importância. Relatos de DRESS por paraceta- mol são raros na literatura, razão pela qual apresentamos este caso. Paciente do sexo masculino, 56 anos, com surgimento de rash maculopapular, febre, linfadenopatia e hipereosinofilia 3 semanas após suspensão de paracetamol, associados ao ante- cedente familiar de reação a fármaco. Evoluiu bem após pulso- terapia com metilprednisolona.


DRESS syndrome is a rare and distinct entity characterized by cutaneous manifestations and internal organs involvement with a potential risk of death. Early diagnosis and treatment are vi- tally important. Reported cases of DRESS syndrome due to ace- taminophen are rare in the literature, and that is the reason for this case report. A 56-year-old male patient with maculopapular rash, fever, lymphadenopathy, and hypereosinophilia three we- eks after suspension of acetaminophen, associated with a family history of drug reaction. It progressed well after pulse therapy with methylprednisolone.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antipyretics/adverse effects , Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome/diagnosis , Acetaminophen/adverse effects , Prednisone/therapeutic use , Loratadine/therapeutic use , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Arthralgia/etiology , Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating/therapeutic use , Exanthema/etiology , Fever/etiology , Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome/drug therapy , Lymphadenopathy/etiology
2.
Hepatología ; 1(1): 12-22, 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1396647

ABSTRACT

La falla hepática aguda es la pérdida súbita de la función hepática en un corto plazo en un paciente sin enfermedad hepática previa, que se acompaña de coagulopatía y encefalopatía. Es una entidad rara con una incidencia muy baja que afecta especialmente a personas jóvenes. La principal causa en países desarrollados es la toxicidad por acetaminofén, mientras que en los países subdesarrollados son las hepatitis virales. El curso natural de la enfermedad es la progresión rápida a muerte por falla orgánica multisistémica, sepsis o edema cerebral. Después del diagnóstico, los pacientes deben remitirse tempranamente a la unidad de cuidado intensivo y a centros que ofrezcan trasplante hepático. La supervivencia sin trasplante hepático hasta hace pocos años era menor al 15%; sin embargo, en la actualidad puede ser hasta del 50%, dependiendo de la causa, y está relacionada con tratamientos específicos, la disponibilidad de trasplante hepático y una atención óptima en las unidades de cuidados intensivos. El trasplante hepático se constituye en el tratamiento de elección para los pacientes con falla hepática aguda y criterios de mal pronóstico del King's College.


Acute liver failure is the severe short-term liver function impairment in a patient without previous liver disease, which is accompanied by coagulopathy and encephalopathy. It is a rare condition with a very low incidence that affects young people. The leading cause in developed countries is acetaminophen toxicity, while in developing countries is mainly caused by viral hepatitis. The natural course is characterized by a rapid progression to death due to multisystemic organ failure, sepsis, or cerebral edema. After diagnosis, patients must be transferred to the intensive care unit and liver transplantation centers. Survival without liver transplantation until a few years ago was less than 15%; however, currently it can be up to 50% depending on the cause, and it is related to specific treatments, availability of liver transplantation and optimal care in the intensive care units. Liver transplantation is the treatment of choice for patients with acute liver failure and King's College criteria for poor prognosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Liver Failure, Acute/therapy , Brain Edema/therapy , Liver Transplantation , Liver Failure, Acute/diagnosis , Liver Failure, Acute/etiology , Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/adverse effects , Antipyretics/adverse effects , Acetaminophen/adverse effects
3.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 147(1): 114-118, 2019. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-991381

ABSTRACT

Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms or DRESS Syndrome is a rare, serious and potentially fatal adverse drug reaction. It is characterized by widespread morbilliform and edematous skin lesions, associated with eosinophilia, lymphadenopathy and internal organ involvement and unusually associated with pulmonary symptoms. We report a 47-year-old male with DRESS syndrome, manifested with typical skin lesions and extensive pulmonary involvement, responding satisfactorily to systemic corticosteroids.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Lung Diseases, Interstitial/chemically induced , Lung Diseases, Interstitial/pathology , Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome/pathology , Penicillin G Benzathine/adverse effects , Dipyrone/adverse effects , Treatment Outcome , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Lung Diseases, Interstitial/drug therapy , Antipyretics/adverse effects , Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome/drug therapy , Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects
4.
Rev. paul. pediatr ; 32(1): 144-148, Jan-Mar/2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-704747

ABSTRACT

Objective: Severe hepatotoxicity caused by paracetamol is rare in neonates. We report a case of paracetamol-induced acute liver failure in a term neonate. Case description: A 26-day-old boy was admitted with intestinal bleeding, shock signs, slight liver enlargement, coagulopathy, metabolic acidosis (pH=7.21; bicarbonate: 7.1mEq/L), hypoglycemia (18mg/dL), increased serum aminotransferase activity (AST=4,039IU/L; ALT=1,087IU/L) and hyperbilirubinemia (total: 9.57mg/dL; direct: 6.18mg/dL) after receiving oral paracetamol (10mg/kg/dose every 4 hours) for three consecutive days (total dose around 180mg/kg; serum concentration 36-48 hours after the last dose of 77µg/ mL). Apart from supportive measures, the patient was successfully treated with intravenous N-acetylcysteine infusion during 11 consecutive days, and was discharged on day 34. The follow-up revealed full recovery of clinical and of laboratory findings of hepatic function. Comments: The paracetamol pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in neonates and infants differ substantially from those in older children and adults. Despite the reduced rates of metabolism by the P-450 CYP2E1 enzyme system and the increased ability to synthesize glutathione - which provides greater resistance after overdoses -, it is possible to produce hepatotoxic metabolites (N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone) that cause hepatocellular damage, if glutathione sources are depleted. Paracetamol clearance is reduced and the half-life of elimination is prolonged. Therefore, a particular dosing regimen should be followed due to the toxicity risk of cumulative doses. This report highlights the risk for severe hepatotoxicity in neonates after paracetamol multiple doses for more than two to three days. .


Objetivo: La hepatotoxicidad grave inducida por el paracetamol es muy rara en neonatos. Se relata el caso de un neonato a término que desarrolló falencia hepática aguda después del uso de paracetamol. Descripción del caso: Niño, 26 días, admitido con sangrado intestinal, señales de choque, discreta hepatomegalia, coagulopatía, acidosis metabólica (pH=7,21; bicarbonato: 7,1mEq/L), hipoglucemia (18mg/dL), aumento de las aminotransferasas séricas (AST=4.039UI/L; ALT=1.087UI/L) e hiperbilirrubinemia (total: 9,75mg/dL; directa: 6,18mg/dL), después del uso de paracetamol por vía oral (10mg/kg/dosis a cada cuatro horas) durante tres días consecutivos (dosis alrededor de 180mg/kg; nivel sérico de 36-48 horas después de la última dosis de 77µg/mL). Además de las medidas de soporte, el paciente fue tratado con N-acetilcisteína (infusión intravenosa continua por 11 días consecutivos), recibiendo alta después de 34 días de internación. El seguimiento mostró recuperación clínica y de los parámetros laboratoriales de la función hepática. Comentarios : La farmacocinética y la farmacodinámica del paracetamol en neonatos y lactantes jóvenes (menores de un año) difieren substancialmente de niños más grandes y adultos. A pesar de que las tasas de metabolismo del sistema enzimático P-450 CYP2E1 están reducidas y la capacidad de generar glutatión, aumentada - confiriendo más protección después de superdosis -, existe la posibilidad de producción de metabólitos hepatotóxicos (N-acetil-pbenzoquinoneimina) que determinan lisis celular, caso se agoten las reservas de glutatión. La depuración es reducida y la media vida de la eliminación, alargada, recomendándose posología distinta por el riesgo de toxicidad ...


Objetivo: A hepatoxicidade grave induzida pelo paracetamol é muito rara em neonatos. Relata-se o caso de um neonato de termo que desenvolveu falência hepática aguda após o uso de paracetamol. Descrição do caso: Menino, 26 dias, admitido com sangramento intestinal, sinais de choque, discreta hepatomegalia, coagulopatia, acidose metabólica (pH=7,21; bicarbonato: 7,1mEq/L), hipoglicemia (18mg/dL), aumento das aminotransferases séricas (AST=4.039UI/L; ALT=1.087UI/L) e hiperbilirrubinemia (total: 9,57mg/dL; direta: 6,18mg/dL), após uso de paracetamol via oral (10mg/kg/dose a cada quatro horas) por três dias consecutivos (dose total ao redor de 180mg/kg; nível sérico de 36-48 horas após a última dose de 77µg/mL). Além das medidas de suporte, o paciente foi tratado com N-acetilcisteína (infusão intravenosa contínua por 11 dias consecutivos), recebendo alta após 34 dias de internação. O seguimento mostrou recuperação clínica e dos parâmetros laboratoriais da função hepática. Comentários: A farmacocinética e a farmacodinâmica do paracetamol em neonatos e lactentes jovens (menores de um ano) diferem substancialmente de crianças maiores e adultos. Apesar de as taxas de metabolismo do sistema enzimático P-450 CYP2E1 estarem diminuídas e a capacidade de gerar glutationa, aumentadas - conferindo maior proteção após superdosagens -, existe a possibilidade de produção de metabólitos hepatotóxicos (N-acetil-p-benzoquinoneimina) que determinam lise celular, caso se esgotem as reservas de glutationa. A depuração é diminuída e a meia-vida de eliminação é prolongada, recomendando-se posologia distinta pelo risco de toxicidade de doses cumulativas. O presente relato destaca o risco de hepatotoxicidade grave ...


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Acetaminophen/adverse effects , Antipyretics/adverse effects , Liver Failure, Acute/chemically induced , Acetaminophen/administration & dosage , Antipyretics/administration & dosage
5.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 87(1): 36-42, jan.-fev. 2011. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-576127

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar o comportamento da temperatura em crianças febris medicadas com dose oral única do ibuprofeno (10 mg/kg), dose recomendada para febre alta, comparado à dipirona (15 mg/kg), dose preconizada pelo fabricante, após 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 e 8 horas da medicação antitérmica. MÉTODOS: Ensaio clínico, aberto e randomizado (1:1), em crianças de ambos os sexos, com doenças febris, com idade entre 6 meses e 8 anos, temperatura axilar basal entre 38,0 e 40,3 °C, e divididas em dois grupos: febre alta (> 39,1 °C) e febre baixa (38,0 a 39,1 °C). A análise do comportamento baseou-se nos critérios de descontinuidade, segurança, resposta ao tratamento, tolerabilidade e eficácia terapêutica. RESULTADOS: Das 80 crianças, 31 permaneceram afebris ao longo de 8 horas (38,8 por cento), 100,0 por cento obtiveram decréscimo da temperatura com ambas as medicações nas 2 primeiras horas. No grupo de febre alta, 11 crianças medicadas com ibuprofeno foram mantidas até a 5ª hora (100,0 por cento), e 11 com dipirona até a 3ª hora (100,0 por cento). A eficácia antipirética na febre alta foi estatisticamente significante a favor do ibuprofeno na 3ª e na 4ª hora, e, na febre baixa, na 3ª hora após a medicação. CONCLUSÕES: Este estudo demonstrou que, em dose oral única, o ibuprofeno proporciona atividade antipirética mais acentuada do que a dipirona, principalmente na febre alta. Ambas as medicações foram bem toleradas e seguras em curto prazo.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate temperature changes in febrile children that received a single oral dose of ibuprofen (10 mg/kg), the dose recommended for high fever, or dipyrone (15 mg/kg), the dose recommended by the manufacturer, at 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 hours after administration. METHODS: This open-label randomized (1:1) controlled clinical tried enrolled 80 febrile boys and girls aged 6 months to 8 years with baseline axillary temperatures of 38.0 to 40.3 °C. The children were divided into two groups: high fever (> 39.1 °C) and low-grade fever (38.0 to 39.1 °C). The antipyretic effect was analyzed according to discontinuity, safety, response to treatment, tolerability and therapeutic efficacy. RESULTS: Of the 80 children, 31 remained febrile during the 8 hours (38.8 percent), but 100 percent had a temperature decrease in the first 2 hours after the administration of either medication. In the high fever group, the temperature fell in 11 children treated with ibuprofen up to the 5th hour (100.00 percent) and in the 11 that received dipyrone, up to the third hour (100.00 percent). The difference in antipyretic efficacy of ibuprofen in the high fever group was statistically significant in the 3rd and 4th hours, and in the low-grade fever group, in the 3rd hour after medication. CONCLUSIONS: A single oral dose of ibuprofen has a greater antipyretic efficacy than dipyrone, particularly when the fever is high. Both drugs were well tolerated and safe in the short term.


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Antipyretics/administration & dosage , Dipyrone/administration & dosage , Fever/drug therapy , Ibuprofen/administration & dosage , Administration, Oral , Antipyretics/adverse effects , Body Mass Index , Dipyrone/adverse effects , Ibuprofen/adverse effects , Treatment Outcome
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